This study examines the southern region of the Red Sea through a comparative analysis of its two shores. The initial description outlines the physical environment, characterized by elevated mountains flanked by arid coastal regions on either side. Somalia and Yemen serve as battlegrounds for local forces, comprising either traditional movements rooted in tribal affiliations or newer factions categorized as terrorists, operating under various Islamic identities (e.g., Al Shebab, Houthis).

A comparison of the operating modes of these groups in the Red Sea and surrounding areas is presented, focusing on high sea piracy in Somalia and drone and missile attacks on vessels in Yemen. The state's failure may be attributed to insufficient financial resources and a lack of national unity. Enhancing integration between the interior and coastal regions could foster national development in Abyssinia's heartland and the Yemeni Highlands.

The influence of external powers will be examined through the dichotomy of troublemakers and troubleshooters. Iran's global and regional interests, European anti-piracy mobilization, and the role of military bases are subjects that straddle the line between myth and reality. Is Saudi Vision 2030 a transformative initiative? It presupposes the promotion of regional peace. External influences jeopardize this prospect by promoting perspectives contrary to the Red Sea evolving into a "lake of peace" and a connector between continents.